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Table 4 Severe depression (odds ratios; 95% CI) by study year, sex, and parents’ unemployment and education

From: Self-reported depression is increasing among socio-economically disadvantaged adolescents – repeated cross-sectional surveys from Finland from 2000 to 2011

 

2000–2001

2002–2003

2004–2005

2006–2007

2008–2009

2010–2011

Parents’ education and employment

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

Boys

      

High education employed

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

High education unemployed

1.90 (1.57-2.30)

2.45 (2.03-2.96)

2.02 (1.69-2.41)

2.93 (2.48-3,46)

2.31 (1.97-2.71)

2.01 (1.70-2.38)

Medium education employed

0.88 (0.72-1.08)

0.88 (0.71-1.09)

0.86 (0.70-1.05)

1.10 (0.91-1.33)

0.83 (0.67-1.03)

0.83 (0.67-1.02)

Medium education unemployed

1.32 (1.06-1.64)

1.75 (1.42-2.17)

1.89 (1.54-2.32)

2.76 (2.26-3.37)

2.29 (1.87-2.79)

1.55 (1.24-1.92)

Low education employed

1.36 (1.01-1.83)

2.23 (1.71-2.91)

1.81 (1.38-2.41)

1.83 (1.34-2.50)

2.86 (2.16-3.79)

1.84 (1.37-2.47)

Low education unemployed

4.49 (3.56-5.67)

8.06 (6.45-10.10)

6.88 (5.54-8.53)

12.50 (10.10-15.30)

11.70 (9.39-14.50)

9.93 (8.21-12.00)

N

47586

50774

53057

54315

54132

51116

Girls

      

High education employed

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

High education unemployed

2.03 (1.73-2.38)

2.14 (1.83-2.51)

2.30 (2.02-2.62)

2.10 (1.84-2.40)

2.12 (1.87-2.39)

2.01 (1.78-2.26)

Medium education employed

0.88 (0.72-1.08)

0.88 (0.71-1.09)

0.86 (0.70-1.05)

1.10 (0.91-1.33)

0.83 (0.67-1.03)

0.83 (0.67-1.02)

Medium education unemployed

1.32 (1.06-1.64)

1.75 (1.42-2.17)

1.89 (1.54-2.32)

2.76 (2.26-3.37)

2.29 (1.87-2.79)

1.55 (1.24-1.92)

Low education employed

1.36 (1.01-1.83)

2.23 (1.71-2.91)

1.81 (1.38-2.41)

1.83 (1.34-2.50)

2.86 (2.16-3.79)

1.84 (1.37-2.47)

Low education unemployed

2.93 (2.37-3.62)

3.44 (2.74-4.31)

4.01 (3.27-4.91)

4.18 (3.37-5.18)

5.47 (4.44-6.74)

4.86 (4.11-5.74)

N

47049

49236

51713

54005

54035

51066

  1. Reference group: employed parents with high education.