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Table 5 Average quantity of resources utilized per patient during the first year on antiretroviral therapy

From: Retention in care, resource utilization, and costs for adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in Zambia: a retrospective cohort study

Resource

Site 1

Site 2

Site 3

Site 4

Site 5

Site 6

All sites

Quantity of resources utilized per patient for total sample

ARV drugs, number of patient-months

       

NRTI combinations

       

TDF 300 mg + FTC 200 mg

3.7

7.6

7.3

1.3

4.1

8.8

5.6

AZT 300 mg + 3TC 150 mg

2.6

0.0

0.8

0.5

2.2

1.0

1.1

ABC 300 mg + 3TC 150 mg

0.1

0.9

0.0

6.4

0.0

0.1

1.3

d4T 30 mg + 3TC 150 mg

2.5

0.6

0.6

0.5

1.4

1.1

1.1

Any NRTI combination

8.9

9.1

8.8

8.7

7.8

11.1

9.1

NNRTI or PI

       

NVP 200 mg

6.4

7.7

4.0

2.5

3.7

4.0

4.8

EFV 600 mg

2.2

1.5

4.5

6.2

4.0

6.8

4.2

LPV/r 200/50 mg

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

Any NNRTI or PI

8.8

9.2

8.5

8.6

7.7

10.8

9.0

Non-ARV drugs, number of patient-monthsa

       

Co-trimoxazole 400/80 mg

6.4

8.8

1.3

3.2

0.2

9.8

5.2

Laboratory tests, number of testsb

       

CD4 test

1.5

1.3

1.4

0.5

1.5

1.2

1.2

Blood chemistry testc

0.2

1.9

1.0

0.3

1.0

2.2

1.1

Full blood countd

1.3

1.2

1.0

0.4

2.0

1.3

1.2

Clinic visits with each type of provider, number of visitse

       

Doctor or clinical officer

5.0

5.3

5.3

3.4

6.6

7.4

5.4

Nurse

7.4

6.8

5.4

4.2

6.6

7.4

6.3

Counselor

9.2

9.2

6.1

7.6

6.6

6.6

7.6

Pharmacist

9.5

10.0

6.1

7.2

6.6

7.3

7.9

Fixed resources, number of patient-monthsf

9.9

9.3

9.6

10.1

9.6

9.8

9.7

Quantity of resources utilized per patient for subset of sample retained in care one year after initiating ART

ARV drugs, number of patient-months

       

NRTI combinations

       

TDF 300 mg + FTC 200 mg

4.3

10.2

9.3

1.6

5.1

10.8

6.9

AZT 300 mg + 3TC 150 mg

3.3

0.0

1.0

0.6

2.9

1.3

1.5

ABC 300 mg + 3TC 150 mg

0.1

1.2

0.0

7.6

0.0

0.1

1.6

d4T 30 mg + 3TC 150 mg

3.1

0.9

0.8

0.5

1.7

1.4

1.4

Any NRTI combination

10.9

12.2

11.1

10.4

9.6

13.6

11.4

NNRTI or PI

       

NVP 200 mg

7.9

10.3

5.1

2.9

4.6

5.1

6.0

EFV 600 mg

2.6

2.0

5.6

7.4

5.0

8.1

5.2

LPV/r 200/50 mg

0.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

Any NNRTI or PI

10.7

12.3

10.7

10.2

9.6

13.2

11.2

Non-ARV drugs, number of patient-monthsa

       

Co-trimoxazole

7.9

11.8

1.6

3.8

0.3

12.1

6.5

Laboratory tests, number of testsb

       

CD4 test

1.8

1.9

1.6

0.6

1.7

1.5

1.5

Blood chemistry testc

0.1

2.5

1.0

0.3

1.0

2.6

1.3

Full blood countd

1.6

1.6

1.0

0.5

2.2

1.6

1.4

Clinic visits with each type of provider, number of visitse

       

Doctor or clinical officer

5.9

6.6

6.4

3.8

8.0

8.7

6.5

Nurse

8.8

8.6

6.5

4.8

8.0

8.7

7.5

Counselor

11.1

11.9

7.4

8.9

8.0

7.8

9.2

Pharmacist

11.4

13.0

7.4

8.5

8.0

8.6

9.5

Fixed resources, number of patient-monthsf

12.0

12.0

12.0

12.0

12.0

12.0

12.0

  1. 3TC: lamivudine; ABC: abacavir; ART: antiretroviral therapy; ARV: antiretroviral; AZT: zidovudine; d4T: stavudine; EFV: efavirenz; FTC: emtricitabine; LPV/r: ritonavir-boosted lopinavir; NNRTI: non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NVP: nevirapine; PI: protease inhibitor; TDF: tenofovir.
  2. aPatients in our sample received other non-ARV drugs in addition to co-trimoxazole. These included, but were not limited to: multivitamins, folic acid supplements, ferrous sulfate supplements, paracetamol, fluconazole, ibuprofen, and amoxicillin.
  3. bIn addition to CD4 tests, blood chemistry tests, and full blood counts, patients in our sample also received <0.1 on average of each of the following lab tests during the first year on ART: acid-fast bacillus, hepatitis B test, malaria test, pregnancy test, rapid plasma reagin test, and viral load test.
  4. cA blood chemistry test could include any combination of the following tests: creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and urea.
  5. dA full blood count includes hemoglobin and a white blood count, among other counts.
  6. eA single clinic visit for patients in our sample could include a consultation with more than one type of provider (doctor or clinical officer, nurse, counselor, or pharmacist).
  7. fFixed resources included buildings and infrastructure, equipment, supplies, vehicles, and staff time for staff employed in the ART clinic who do not see patients.
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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