Social and health policies or interventions to tackle health inequalities in European cities: a scoping review

BMC Public Health

Table 2 Descriptive characteristics of the 54 papers obtained classified by type of intervention

	Type of intervention					Total
	Promote healthy behaviours	Promote healthy settings	Socio-economic context	Physical context	Combined approach	N	%
	(N = 24 - 44.5%)	(N = 10 – 18.5%)	(N = 6 – 11.1%)	(N = 4 – 7.4%)	(N = 10 – 18.5%)	N	%
Study design
Experimental	11	3	2	0	3	19	35.2
Quasi-experimental	5	5	0	1	2	13	24.1
Observational	5	1	2	1	0	9	16.7
Qualitative	1	1	0	0	3	5	9.2
Review	1	0	0	2	2	5	9.2
Health impact assessment	0	0	2	0	0	2	3.7
Mixed methods	1	0	0	0	0	1	1.9
Country
United Kingdom	19	9	4	4	4	40	74.1
Spain	0	0	2	0	3	5	9.2
Netherlands	4	0	0	0	0	4	7.4
Germany	0	0	0	0	2	2	3.7
France	1	0	0	0	0	1	1.9
Different European countries	0	1	0	0	1	2	3.7
Setting
City	3	2	4	3	3	15	27.8
Neighbourhood	6	3	1	1	2	13	24.1
Healthcare center	11	0	0	0	1	12	22.2
School	2	4	1	0	2	9	16.7
Community group	2	1	0	0	2	5	9.2
Target population
Adults	14	1	1	0	2	18	33.3
Children	4	6	0	1	2	13	24.1
Adults and Children	6	3	5	3	6	23	42.6
Focus
Universal	10	6	3	3	5	27	50.0
Selective	14	4	3	1	5	27	50.0
Evaluation of the intervention
Yes, positive result	13	6	3	1	6	29	53.7
Yes, negative result	5	1	0	0	2	8	14.8
Yes, positive and negative results	2	1	1	3	0	7	13.0
Yes, missing result	0	2	0	0	0	2	3.7
No	1	0	1	0	0	2	3.7
Missing	3	0	1	0	2	6	11.1
Year of publication
2006–2011	14	6	2	0	4	26	48.2
2001–2005	7	1	4	4	4	20	37.0
1995-2000	3	3	0	0	2	8	14.8

ISSN: 1471-2458