Can we trust measures of healthcare utilization from household surveys?

BMC Public Health

Table 2 The effect of free care on healthcare utilization from the pictorial diary and household survey data

	Control group	Unadjusted effect	Adjusted effect	95% CI	p-value
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)
	Panel A: Pictorial diary method of data collection
Any clinic visit past one month	0.180	0.014	0.015	−0.019, 0.048	0.387
Any clinic visit past six months	0.629	0.037	0.035	−0.006, 0.075	0.094
Clinic visits per year	2.518	0.298	0.286	0.037, 0.534	0.024
Any informal care visit past one month	0.157	−0.011	−0.012	−0.043, 0.019	0.453
Any informal care visit past six months	0.670	−0.021	−0.023	−0.063, 0.017	0.257
Informal care visits per year	3.081	−0.270	−0.290	−0.568, -0.012	0.041
	Panel B: Household survey method of data collection
Any clinic visit past one month	0.153	−0.022	−0.023	−0.052-0.006	0.122
Any clinic visit past year	0.217	−0.017	−0.017	−0.051-0.016	0.315
Any informal care visit past one month	0.211	−0.011	−0.013	−0.048, 0.022	0.470
Any informal care visit past year	0.267	−0.023	−0.023	−0.060, 0.014	0.229

Notes: Adjusted estimates include controls for mother’s education, number of children in household, age of the child, household wealth and dummies for male child, distance from the nearest health centre, religion and ethnicity. The 95% CI and p values are based on standard errors that are corrected for clustering at the household level.

ISSN: 1471-2458