Table 3 Associations of school difficulties with various factors (n = 1,559): gender-age-adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval

Nationality

 French

1.00

1.00

1.00

 European immigrants

2.44**

1.22-4.91

1.34

0.52-3.45

1.75

0.52-5.88

 Non-European immigrants

3.29***

1.71-6.33

3.02**

1.52-6.02

3.42**

1.38-8.48

Boys

1.13

0.84-1.52

0.97

0.67-1.39

3.45***

1.88-6.34

Age (yr)

2.11***

1.86-2.40

1.42***

1.24-1.63

1.03

0.85-1.25

Family structure

 Intact

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Parents divorced/separated and reconstructed family

2.30***

1.64-3.23

3.10***

2.04-4.69

3.15***

1.71-5.78

 Single parent and others

2.81***

1.83-4.31

3.49***

2.11-5.78

4.70***

2.37-9.32

Father’s occupation

 Managers, professionals, and intermediate professionals

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Craftsmen, tradesmen, and firm heads

1.77*

1.09-2.86

2.67**

1.39-5.11

1.82

0.79-4.18

 Service workers and clerks

2.28**

1.28-4.07

2.85**

1.30-6.24

1.28

0.41-4.05

 Manual workers and other occupations

3.49***

2.32-5.23

5.51***

3.14-9.67

3.08**

1.50-6.34

 Inactive people

6.02***

3.56-10.18

6.85***

3.47-13.53

5.50***

2.34-12.95

Insufficient income

1.82***

1.28-2.59

1.77**

1.17-2.69

1.99*

1.11-3.57

WHOQoL-Bref (<25 ^th percentile value)

 Physical

1.78***

1.29-2.47

3.77***

2.58-5.50

3.78***

2.21-6.49

 Psychological

1.72***

1.25-2.37

3.09***

2.12-4.51

4.55***

2.66-7.79

 Social relationships

1.37

0.99-1.88

1.48*

1.01-2.18

2.55***

1.50-4.31

 Environment

3.01***

2.19-4.14

3.17***

2.18-4.60

3.40***

2.01-5.74

Unhealthy behaviours

Last-30-day substance use (at least once)

 Tobacco

1.94***

1.31-2.87

5.33***

3.53-8.06

5.91***

3.33-10.49

 Alcohol

0.68*

0.50-0.93

1.38

0.95-2.01

3.13***

1.80-5.43

 Cannabis

1.78*

1.06-2.98

3.71***

2.17-6.33

5.91***

3.00-11.64

 Other illicit drugs

2.61**

1.28-5.33

4.61***

2.30-9.25

10.11***

4.69-21.81

Lack of regular sports/physical activities

1.86**

1.23-2.82

2.21***

1.39-3.51

3.26***

1.80-5.88