From: Individual and social determinants of multiple chronic disease behavioral risk factors among youth
 | Study cohort, %a | Subjects lost, %a | pvalueb |
---|---|---|---|
 | (n = 1135) | (n = 946) |  |
Individual characteristics | Â | Â | Â |
   Ultimate |  |  |  |
Sex | Â | Â | .03 |
Female | 51 | 46 | Â |
   Age, years |  |  | .26 |
10 | 50 | 53 | Â |
11 | 50 | 47 | Â |
Anxiety, mean (SE)c | 3.4 (0.1) | 3.7 (0.1) | .02 |
   Distal |  |  |  |
Self-esteem, mean (SE)d | 13.7 (0.1) | 13.3 (0.1) | <.001 |
Academic performance | Â | Â | .56 |
Poor/very poor | 2 | 1 | Â |
Average | 18 | 19 | Â |
Well | 46 | 46 | Â |
Very well | 34 | 34 | Â |
   Social characteristics |  |  |  |
   Ultimate |  |  |  |
Family structure | Â | Â | .005 |
2 parents | 84 | 79 | Â |
1 parent | 16 | 21 | Â |
PMK Education | Â | Â | <.001 |
Low (< 12 years of school) | 19 | 28 | Â |
High (≥12 years of school) | 81 | 73 |  |
Annual household income, CAN $ | Â | Â | <.001 |
< 30,000 | 15 | 21 | Â |
30,000-59,999 | 31 | 40 | Â |
60,000-89,999 | 31 | 23 | Â |
≥ 90,000 | 23 | 16 |  |
   Distal |  |  |  |
PMK smoking status | Â | Â | .03 |
Tobacco smoker | 26 | 30 | Â |
PMK drinking status | Â | Â | .61 |
Alcohol drinker | 28 | 27 | Â |
Parent-child relationship, mean (SE)e | 22.9 (0.2) | 22.3 (0.2) | .005 |
Peer smoking | Â | Â | .94 |
No peers | 95 | 96 | Â |
A few peers | 4 | 3 | Â |
Most/all peers | 1 | 1 | Â |
Peer drinking | Â | Â | .05 |
No peers | 97 | 95 | Â |
A few peers | 2 | 4 | Â |
Most/all peers | 1 | 1 | Â |
Peer-child relationship, mean (SE)f | 12.8 (0.1) | 12.8 (0.1) | .86 |
   Lifestyle risk factors |  |  |  |
Physical inactivityg | 50 | 54 | .09 |
Sedentary behaviorh | 42 | 46 | .11 |
Ever smokingi | 6 | 7 | .60 |
Ever drinkingj | 6 | 10 | .005 |
High body mass indexk | 23 | 29 | .004 |