Table 2 Association of active trachoma and potential risk factors among children 1–9 years in Baso Liben District from February to April, 2012

Agro-climate

  Low land

273(34.5)

80(29.3)

1.52(1.09-2.12)*

1.12(0.58-2.16)

  Medium land

519(65.5)

111(21.4)

1

Educational status of head of household

  Illiterate

219(59.2)

78(35.8)

7.85(4.85-12.70)***

5.18(2.93-9.17)***

  primary& above

146(40.8)

10(6.6)

1

Average monthly income

  <600

443(55.9)

148(18.7)

4.60(2.81- 7.53)***

2.98(1.85-7.85)***

  601–1200

239(30.2)

41(5.2)

2.37(1.37- 4.09)

3.89(1.87-8.09)

  1201–2000

75(9.5)

2(0.3)

1.01(.53- 1.93)

1.29(0.56-3.81)

  >2000

35(4.4)

0(0)

1

Access to water source

  ≤ 30 minutes walk away

729(92)

209(28.7)

1

  > 30 minutes walk away

63(8)

8(12.7)

2.78(1.99-3.88)***

2.01(1.27-3.15)**

Daily average Water consumption

  < 20 liters per head

160(20.2)

41(25.60

2.55(1.07-6.08)***

4.88(1.51-15.78)**

  20–40 liters per head

313(39.5)

100(31.9)

3.48(1.53-7.55)

5.45(1.85-16.01)

  40–60 liters per head

152(19.2)

18(11.8)

0.99(0.39-0.2.52)

1.46(.451-4.77)

  60–80 liters per head

108(13.6)

25(23.1)

2.23(0.90-5.54)

2.37(.72-7.74)

  >80 l per head

59(7.5)

7(11.9)

1

Frequency of larine usage

  Always

387(76.7)

39(10.1)

1

  Sometimes

117(23.3)

53(45.3)

1.58(0.14-0.32)***

1.75(0.12-0.42)**

Usage of soap

  Yes

250(31.5)

22(8.8)

1

  No

542(68.5)

169(31.2)

4.69(2.92-7.54)***

5.84(1.98-17.19)**

Clean face of child

  Clean face

46(5.8)

1(2.2)

1

  Unclean face

746(94.2)

190(25.5)

15.37(2.10-11.32)**

18.68(1.98-175.55)*

Number of fly on face of child

  0–3

546(69.9)

73(13.4)

1

  4–7

204(25.7)

94(46.1)

5.53(3.82-8.01)***

3.77(2.26-6.29)**

  >7

42(5.3)

24(57.5)

8.63(4.47-16.69)

4.47(1.86-10.70)

Knowledge of heads of household

  Knowledgeable

188(51.5)

30(16.6)

1

  Less knowledge

177(48.5)

57(32.1)

2.37(1.69-3.32)***

3.91(2.40-6.38)***