From: Occupational therapy and return to work: a systematic literature review
Author | Design | Settings | In (I)- and exclusion (E) criteria | Disciplines concerned in multi-disciplinary team | Key measures/variables |
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Jousset et al., 2004 | RCT/single blind | Patients of 3 counties in the west of France, referred to the multidisciplinary Low Back Pain clinic by industrial physicians, family doctors, specialists or social insurance medical advisers and assessed by a physiatrist, an occupational medicine specialist, a psychologist and an ergonomist | I : 18 - 50 years old, living in 3 counties in west of France, engaged in a non-limited contract, threatened, at risk of unable to work in their job situation by Low back pain LBP, not relieved by conventional medical or surgical intervention E: lack of motivation, major psychiatric diseases; no disabling (LBP), LBP of specific origin, recent surgery, cardiac of respiratory abnormalities after exercises stress, receiving disability pension, refusal to randomisation | • Aerobics, • Strengthening exercises, • Proprioception • endurance training by physiotherapist • OT • Balneotherapy • Psychologist • Dietic advice | • RTW after 6 months end program • Mean number of sick leave days • Physical criteria • Treatment appreciation • Intensity of pain • Quality of life • Functional indexes • Psychological characteristics • Number of contacts with medical system • Drug intake |
Joy et al., 2001 | Retrospective cohort study | Northern Californian work hardening program, patients authorised to attend by their workers compensation board | I : records from patients with low-back injuries referred to a work hardening program in Northern California from march 1989 to august 1996; at referral off work for 2 months or more since injury or surgery, entitled to workers- compen-sation benefitsE: data from patients referred for reasons other than low back injury | • Physiotherapist • OT • Vocational counsellor • Psychologist • Workroom foreman | • Functional capacity • Age • Length of injury (days) • Time in program (days) • Work status (did or did not RTW) • Pain level • Pain tolerance (% improvement) • Activity tolerance (% improvement) |
Lambeek et al. 2010 | RCT | Primary care in the Netherlands 10 physiotherapy practices, one occupational health service, one occupational therapy practice Secondary care 5 hospitals in the Netherlands. | I: age 18 - 65; low back pain (for more than 12 weeks); visited outpatient clinic in participating hospitals; in paid work (self-employed and paid employed) for at least 8 hours/weekabsent (total or partial) from work E: patients absent from work >2 yearsworked temporally or for an employment agency without detachment; specific low back pain due to infection, tumour, osteoporosis, RA, fracture, inflammatory process; undergone surgery or invasive examinations within 3 monthsserious psychiatric or cardiovascular illnesswere pregnant; were engaged in a lawsuit against their employer | • Clinical occupational physician • Medical specialist • OT • Physiotherapist | • Primary RTW:duration of sick leave due to low back pain in calendar days from the day of randomisation until full RTW (or work with equal earnings for al least 4 weeks without recurrence, partial or full). • Secondary pain (3,6,12 months) functional status (3,6,12 months) |
Schene et al., 2007 | RCT | research was conducted as part of the Programme for Mood Disorders of the Department of Psychiatry of the Academic Medical Centre of Amsterdam | I: age above 18; major depressive disordersingle episode of recurrent without psychotic features; no history of psychosis, manic, hypo manic or cyclothymic features; no history of active drug or alcohol abuse or dependencea Beck Depression Inventory scale of > 15 work reduction of at least 50% of regular hours worked per week because of depression (with a minimum of 10 weeks and a maximum of 2 years) E: after telephonic screening on inclusion criteria, patients received a regular psychiatric evaluation(2 visits) by two trained senior psychiatrists who checked again for the inclusion criteria | • Psychiatrist (trained for the program) • OT | • Age • Gender • Married or not • Living alone or not • Education (< high school or not) • Employment before illness (hours/week) • Major depressive disorderBeck Depression Inventory (BDI) • Questionnaire Organisation Stress (QOS) • Study specific questionnaires (qualitative data) |
Sullivan et al., 2006 | Longitudinal cohort study | 5 eastern Canadian rehab centres (10 week standardized psychosocial intervention program, secondary prevention) | I : whiplash injury following an vehicle accident (grade I and II), score within the risk range (i.e. above 50 percentile) on at least one of the psychosocial measures targeted in the program, patient in one of 5 rehab clinics in eastern Canada whose staff had attended a 2-days training workshop on PGAP intervention techniques, being employed prior to their motor vehicle accident, providing informed consent participating in a functional restoration physical therapy program E: not being employed | • Physical therapist • OT • Occupational health nurse • Office assistant (interviews) | • RTW (primary outcome variable) • Catastrophizing • Fear of movement or reinjury • Perceived disability • Pain severity |
Vanderploeg et al., 2008 | RCT intent-to-treat: 2 different treatments | CARF standards of care interdisciplinary rehabilitation services in 4 veteran administration cure inpatient TBI rehabilitation programs (USA). | I : moderate to severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) within preceding 6 months (Glasgow outcome scale) and/or focal cerebral contusion (CT or MRI), RLAS cognitive level of 5 to 7 at time of randomisation, 18 years or older, active duty military member or veterananticipated length of needed TBI rehab of 30 days or more E: history of prior inpatient acute rehab for the current TBI, history of a prior moderate to severe TBI or other pre-injury severe neurological or psychiatric condition | • physical therapy • OT • Speech therapy • Neuropsychological therapy | • RTW/school • Living independently • FIM • DRS • Satisfied with life • Chance in martial state since injury • Social withdrawal • Worrying • Depressed mood • Irritability • Angry behaviour |