From: Adolescents' perceptions about smokers in Karnataka, India
Correlates | Referent category for Odds Ratio (highlighted in bold) | Positive perceptions* (%) | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 11.2 | 2.89 | < 0.05 |
 | Female | 4.2 | (1.59, 5.24) |  |
Tobacco use status | Ever tobacco users | 24.3 | 5.72 | < 0.05 |
 | Never tobacco users | 5.3 | (3.34, 9.82) |  |
 | Current smokers | 42.2 | 12.99 | < 0.05 |
 | Never tobacco users | 5.3 | (6.16, 26.81)^ |  |
Exposure to others using tobacco | Having smoker friends | 12.8 | 4.65 | < 0.05 |
 | Having smoke-free friends | 3.1 | (2.44, 8.84) |  |
 | Having friends who used tobacco in any form (smoking and/or chewing) | 12.4 | 4.64 | < 0.05 |
 | Having tobacco-free friends | 3.0 | (2.39, 9.01) |  |
 | Having one or more family members smoking tobacco | 9.7 | 1.56 | 0.11 |
 | Having smoke-free family | 6.4 | (0.89, 2.71) |  |
 | Having one or more family members using tobacco | 10.1 | 1.71 | 0.06 |
 | Having tobacco-free family | 6.2 | (0.96, 3.06) |  |
 | Exposure to teachers using tobacco | 13.4 | 2.42 | < 0.05 |
 | Not exposed to teachers using tobacco | 6.0 | (1.44, 4.07) |  |
 | Exposure to on-screen tobacco use | 7.6 | 0.60 | 0.22 |
 | No exposure to on-screen tobacco use | 12.1 | (0.25, 1.65)^ |  |
Awareness on | Aware of harms of smoking | 7.5 | 0.62 | 0.23 |
smoking harms | Not aware of smoking harms | 11.6 | (0.28, 1.37) | Â |
 | Awareness of harms of passive smoking | 7.4 | 0.81 | 0.41 |
 | Not aware of harms of passive smoking | 8.9 | (0.31, 2.75)^ |  |
Exposure to Cigarette | Exposure to cigarettes advertisements | 8.7 | 1.23 | 0.43 |
advertisements | No exposure to cigarette advertisements | 7.2 | (0.73, 2.06) | Â |
School type | Government managed | 6.6 | 0.79 | 0.59 |
 | Private managed | 8.2 | (0.30, 1.79) |  |